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Hepatitis Viruses Multiple Choice Question And Answers

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Hepatitis Viruses

Question 1. The Use of Solvent/Detergent (SD) plasma destroys lipid-enveloped viruses. Following SD plasma treatment, which of the following infections is likely to be transmitted?

  1. HIV
  2. HAV
  3. HBV
  4. HCV

Answer. (2) (HAV)

  • The Use of Solvent/Detergent destroys enveloped viruses. In the given question, HAV is the only non-enveloped virus.

Read And Learn More: Micro Biology And Immunology Multiple Choice Question And Answers

Hepatitis Treatment

Question 2. Hepatitis A is:

  1. Enveloped RNA virus
  2. Nonenveloped RNA virus
  3. Enveloped DNA virus
  4. Nonenveloped DNA virus

Answer. (2) (Nonenveloped RNA virus)

Hepatitis A is a nonenveloped RNA virus, belonging to Family Picornaviridae, Enterovirus 72.

Hepatitis Treatment

Question 3. The correct statement about Hepatitis A is all except:

  1. It is difficult to culture
  2. It belongs to enterovirus
  3. Vaccines are available
  4. Chronicity is the hallmark of the disease

Answer. (4) (Chronicity is the hallmark of the disease)

  • HAV belongs to enterovirus-72, and presents only in the acute stage (there is no chronic stage), culture though difficult can be performed.

Question 4. True about HAV:

  1. Causes milder illness in children
  2. 3% incidence of carrier
  3. Sexual route—common
  4. 10% chance of Caliver
  5. Vertical transmission—never seen

Answer. (1) (Causes milder illness in children)

  • Age: Children are more affected, and excrete the virus in feces for a longer time but are subclinical.
  • Adults are more icteric than children with a higher mortality rate
  • Mode of transmission: Feco-oral (MC), Rare- sexual and parenteral routes
  • No carrier and No oncogenicity potential (Zero chance of Ca liver).

Question 5. Hepatitis A virus can be inactivated by:

  1. Boiling over at 120° C over 1 min
  2. Ether
  3. Chloroform
  4. Iodine

Answer. (1) (Boiling over at 120° C over 1 min)

  • Hepatitis A virus can be inactivated by: ultra-violet rays, boiling for 5 min, autoclaving, and formalin
  • It can resist chlorine, heating 60 °C for 1 hr.

Hepatitis Causes

Question 6. Cultivable (in vitro) hepatitis virus is:

  1. Hepatitis A
  2. Hepatitis B
  3. Hepatitis C
  4. Hepatitis D

Answer. (1) (Hepatitis A)

  • Hepatitis A virus can be grown in some human and simian cell cultures
  • It is the only human hepatitis virus that can be cultivated in vitro.

Question 7. HAV shedding in feces:

  1. 1 week before the symptoms appear
  2. 2 weeks before the symptoms appear
  3. 2 weeks before the symptoms appear to 2 weeks later
  4. 1 week before the symptoms appear to 1 week later

Answer. (3) (2 weeks before the symptoms appear to 2 weeks later)

Period of infectivity of HAV: 2 weeks before to 1 week after appearance of jaundice (however, viral excretion in feces may be -2 to +2 weeks of jaundice).

Question 8. The replication cycle of a virus is depicted below. Identify the virus.

  1. Hepatitis B virus
  2. Herpes simplex virus
  3. HIV
  4. Influenza virus

Answer. (1) ( HBV)

  • Hepatitis B virus has a unique replication mechanism. Its DNA is partially double-stranded.
  • It gets converted to covalently closed circular ds DNA (cDNA) inside the host nucleus mediated by host enzymes.

Hepatitis Causes

Question 9. Australian antigen is:

  1. HBsAg
  2. HBeAg
  3. HBcAg
  4. HBV DNA

Answer. (1) (HBsAg)

  • Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is called an Australian antigen as it was first observed in the serum of an Australian Aboriginal person (1965).

Question 10. A patient is positive for both HBsAg and HBeAg. It indicates which statement.

  1. He was infected in the past and is a chronic carrier
  2. He is previously vaccinated
  3. He is infectious and is in the active phase
  4. He has an HEV infection

Answer. (3) (He is infectious and is in the active phase)

HBeAg is a marker of high infectivity and active infection.

Question 11. Reverse transcriptase is an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. Which of these viruses has it?

  1. Hepatitis A virus
  2. Hepatitis B virus
  3. Hepatitis E virus
  4. Hepatitis C virus

Answer. (2) (Hepatitis B virus)

  • The polymerase gene of the Hepatitis B virus has three enzymatic activities: (1) DNA polymerase, (2) Reverse transcriptase activity, (3) RNAse

Hepatitis Causes

Question 12. DNA of HBV is:

  1. Single-stranded
  2. Double-stranded
  3. Partially single-stranded
  4. Partially double stranded

Answer. (4) (Partially double-stranded)

  • Hepatitis B has a partially/incomplete double-stranded DNA.

Question 13. A hospital worker is found to be HBsAg (+)ve. Further serum investigations showed HBe(+)ve and IgG anti-HBc (+)ve.

  1. The given hospital worker is
  2. Acute Hepatitis B patient with High infectivity
  3. Simple carrier with high infectivity
  4. Chronic infection with high infectivity
  5. Immunized person for Hepatitis B

Answer. (3) (Chronic infection with high infectivity)

Question 14. In acute hepatitis B, all are raised except:

  1. HBsAg
  2. IgM anti-HBc
  3. Total anti-HBc
  4. Anti-HBsAb

Answer. (4) (Anti-HBsAb)

Question 15. The serological test of a patient shows HBsAg negative, IgM anti HBc antibody negative, HBV DNA not detectable, anti-Hbc IgG antibody positive, and anti- HBs antibody positive. What is the most probable diagnosis?

  1. Acute hepatitis window period
  2. Chronic hepatitis in the active stage
  3. Chronic hepatitis with pre-core mutant
  4. Recovery from previous infection of hepatitis B

Answer. (4) (Recovery from previous infection of hepatitis B)

Viral Hepatitis Symptoms

Only the Anti-Hbc IgG antibody and Anti HBs antibody are positive, rest the markers are negative. Hence this is probably a case of recovery.

Question 16. A nurse is presented with HBsAg and HBeAg. What does it indicate? AIIMS Nov

  1. Acute infectious hepatitis
  2. Infection with HBV and HEV
  3. Acute noninfectious hepatitis
  4. Chronic hepatitis B infection

Answer. (1) (Acute infectious hepatitis)

Question 17. Marker for diagnosing acute hepatitis B in 2–5 weeks

  1. IgM Anti HBc
  2. HBsAg
  3. Anti-HCV
  4. HBeAg

Answer. (1) (IgM Anti HBc)

Question 18. Infection of HBsAg is best/commonly diagnosed by:

  1. HBeAg
  2. HBV DNA
  3. HBsAg
  4. Anti HBsAg

Answer. (3) (HbsAg)

HBsAg is the first marker to appear in hepatitis B infection and indicates infection with HBV.

Viral Hepatitis Symptoms

Question 19. Epidemiological marker in HBV infection:

  1. HBsAg
  2. HBeAg
  3. Anti-HBe
  4. Anti HBs

Answer. (1) (HBsAg)

Epidemiological marker in HBV infection: HbsAg and Anti-HBc IgG

Question 20. The pre-core mutants in Hepatitis B are characterized by a notable absence of:

  1. HBV DNA
  2. HBeAg
  3. HBcAg
  4. Anti HBeAg

Answer. (2) (HBeAg)

  • The pre-core mutants in Hepatitis B: Unable to form HBeAg
  • Escape mutants in Hepatitis B: Unable to form HBsAg.

21. Antiviral drugs used in both hepatitis B and HIV

  1. Abacavir
  2. Stavudine
  3. Enfuvirtide
  4. Emtricitabine

Answer. (4) (Emtricitabine)

  • Antiviral agents like Tenofovir and telbivudine are drug choices currently. Lamivudine,adefovir, Emtricitabine and entecavir can also be used
  • Pegylated interferon alpha (used previously; now not in use)

Viral Hepatitis Symptoms

Question 22. Protective titre of HBV is____ IU/ml:

  1. 0.1
  2. 1
  3. 5
  4. 10

Answer. (4) (10)

Question 23. What should be given to the newborn borne to an HBsAg +ve mother to prevent neonatal infection?

  1. Hepatitis B vaccine and Hepatitis B immunoglobulins within 12 hrs of delivery
  2. Immunoglobulins
  3. Hepatitis B vaccine only

Answer. (1) (Hepatitis B vaccine + immunoglobulin within 12 hours of delivery)

  • For babies born to HBV carrier mothers
  • A single injection of 0.5 ml of HBIG was given IM immediately after birth (passive immunization) followed by the full course of vaccine (active immunization) at a different anatomical site, the first dose being given within 12 hours of birth.

Question 24. Best describing hepatitis B vaccine:

  1. Recombinant DNA vaccine
  2. Edible vaccine
  3. Nuclear transformation
  4. RNA vaccine

Answer. (1) (Recombinant DNA vaccine)

  • The Hepatitis B vaccine is a recombinant DNA vaccine composed of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prepared in Baker’s yeast.

Question 25. True statement regarding HCV diagnosis:

  1. 3 genotype diagnosis is based on lgG HCV
  2. Spreads through the fecal-oral route
  3. Pegylated INF is the treatment of choice
  4. HCV real-time PCR is the molecular diagnostic method of choice

Answer. (4) (HCV real-time PCR is the molecular diagnostic method of choice )

  • Direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) are now the treatment of choice for HCV infection as they can produce a sustainable viral response (SVR) rate of up to 90% with minimal side effects.
  • Real-time reverse transcriptase PCR detecting HCV RNA has been the gold standard method of choice for the diagnosis of HCV.

Hepatitis Prevention

Question 26. True statement regarding hepatitis C infection:

  1. Most patients have severe symptoms when infected for the first time
  2. Highly likely to cause chronic ongoing infection
  3. Transmitted by eating raw oysters
  4. It is a DNA virus

Answer. (2) (Highly likely to cause chronic ongoing infection)

Hepatitis C infection has a high propensity to undergo chronicity

Question 27. A 50-year-old male patient presented with cutaneous vasculitis, proteinuria, and cryoglobulinemia with glomerulonephritis. Which test is most appropriate to arrive at a diagnosis?

  1. ANCA
  2. HBsAg
  3. Anti-HCV antibody
  4. MIF

Answer. (3) (Anti-HCV antibody)

  • Due to the deposition of circulating immune complexes (composed of HCV antigens and their antibodies) in extrahepatic sites, various manifestations can set in such as:
    Mixed cryoglobulinemia
  • Glomerulonephritis
  • Arthritis and joint pain.

Question 28. Hepatitis C virus high efficacy testing in blood banks is by:

  1. NS1
  2. NS2
  3. Envelope antigen
  4. Core antigen

Answer. (4) (Core antigen)

  • Third-generation ELISAs are the most popular assays currently available, which employ the antigens from the core, NS3, NS4, and NS5 regions, to detect anti-HCV antibodies.

Question 29. Hepatitis C has the following characteristic features in biopsy:

  1. Ground glass appearance
  2. Bridging necrosis
  3. Interface necrosis
  4. Lymphoid aggregates

Answer. (4) (Lymphoid aggregates)

  • Histopathology of liver biopsy differentiating chronic hepatitis B and C infection:
  • Chronic HCV quite commonly shows Lymphoid aggregates or fully formed lymphoid follicles.
  • Bile duct injury is common with Hepatitis C infection mimicking primary biliary cirrhosis.
  • Hepatitis C genotype 3 infection shows fatty changes with scattered hepatocytes.
  • Ground glass hepatocytes (cells with endoplasmic reticulum swollen by HBsAg) are a hallmark of chronic Hepatitis B infection.

Hepatitis Prevention

Question 30. Which hepatitis virus has a 3% chance of transmission through needle prick injury?

  1. Hepatitis A
  2. Hepatitis B
  3. Hepatitis C
  4. Hepatitis D

Answer. (3) (Hep C)

  • Following needle stick injury, the chance of transmission of HIV, hepatitis C, and hepatitis B is 0.3%, 3%, and 30% respectively.

Question 31. HLA DR 5 is associated with clearance of which hepatitis virus?

  1. Hepatitis A
  2. Hepatitis B
  3. Hepatitis C
  4. Hepatitis D

Answer. (3) (Hep C)

  • The presence of HLA-DR5 antigen appears as a protective factor against hepatitis C infection, with a benign evolution of the infection, often asymptomatic, or a less severe chronic liver disease.

Question 32. Cryoglobulins seen in which of the following hepatitis virus infections?

  1. Hepatitis A
  2. Hepatitis B
  3. Hepatitis C
  4. Hepatitis E

Answer. (3) (Hepatitis C)

  • Cryoglobulinemia is an extrahepatic manifestation seen in hepatitis C virus infection
  • Extrahepatic manifestations are seen in both hepatitis B and C virus infection are Glomerulonephritis, Arthritis, and joint pain
  • Extrahepatic manifestations are due to the deposition of circulating immune complexes (composed of HCV/HBV antigens and their antibodies) in extrahepatic sites.

Question 33. Which of the following statements about Hepatitis ‘C’ is true?

  1. DNA virus
  2. The most common indication for liver transplant
  3. Does not cause liver cancer
  4. Does not cause coinfection with hepatitis B

Answer. (2) (Most common indication for liver transplant)

  • ‘Hepatitis C accounts for 40% of chronic liver disease, is the most frequent indication for liver transplantation’
  • About other options:
  • HCV is an RNA virus, that causes liver cancer
  • It may cause co-infection with HBV.

Hepatitis Prevention

Question 34. HCV is:

  1. Enveloped RNA
  2. Nonenveloped RNA
  3. Nonenveloped positive-strand RNA
  4. Enveloped negative strand RNA

Answer. (1) (Enveloped RNA)

  • Belongs to Flaviviridae
  • Single-stranded RNA, enveloped virus

Question 35. According to the Drug and cosmetic act which is not mandatory for screening of donated blood:

  1. HIV
  2. Hepatitis B
  3. Hepatitis C
  4. West Nile virus
  5. CMV

Answer. (4, 5) (West Nile virus, CMV)

According to the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, & Rule (1945), the blood banks who intend to supply blood units/components shall perform the following mandatory tests for screening of donated blood:

  • Blood grouping
  • Antibody testing
  • Hemoglobin content
  • Hepatitis B (HBsAg detection)
  • Hepatitis C (Anti HCV antibody detection)
  • Syphilis serology (VDRL)
  • HIV I and II antibody detection
  • Malaria parasite detection.

Question 36. HBV and HDV false is:

  1. Both can infect simultaneously
  2. HDV causes more serious infection d/t superinfection
  3. HDV cannot infect in the absence of HBV
  4. HDV is a DNA virus

Answer. (4) (HDV is a DNA virus)

  • HDV contains SS-RNA
  • Both HBV and HVD can infect simultaneously to hepatocyte: Called coinfection
  • Superinfection is the most severe form of HDV infection.
  • HDV always depends on HBV and it cannot infect in the absence of HBV.

Question 37. The Hepatitis D virus is a defective virus that requires its helper to provide:

  1. An envelope protein
  2. Transcriptase to transcribe mRNA
  3. Replicase for its RNA
  4. Reverse transcriptase

Answer. (1) (An envelope protein)

  • The envelope protein part of the Hepatitis D virus is derived from HBsAg of the Hepatitis B Virus.

Hepatitis Prevention

Question 38. With which of the following viral hepatitis infections in pregnancy, the maternal mortality is highest:

  1. Hepatitis A
  2. Hepatitis B
  3. Hepatitis C
  4. Hepatitis E

Answer. (4) (Hepatitis E)

  • HEV causes a serious infection in pregnant women
  • It causes fulminant disease in pregnant women, especially in the last trimester of pregnancy, and has a high fatality rate of 15–20%.
  • Hepatic encephalopathy and disseminated intravascular coagulation are the important causes of death.
  • The rate of fulminant hepatic failure in infected pregnant women is very high.

Question 39. Which of the following is Calicivirus?

  1. Hepatitis E
  2. Hepatitis B
  3. Hepatitis C
  4. Hepatitis A
  5. Explanations

Answer. (1) (Hepatitis E)

  • HEV is currently classified in the family Calciviridae
  • It resembles caliciviruses such as the Norwalk virus.

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