JIPMER Microbiology And Immunology Solved Model Question Paper 2023

JIPMER Microbiology And Immunology Model Question Paper 2023

Question 1. Time-dependent pharmacokinetics (PK) shown by all the following drugs except:

1. Linezolid
2. Daptomycin
3. Lincosamide
4. Meropenem

Answer. (2) (Daptomycin)

Daptomycin is a concentration-dependent antibiotic.

Read And Learn More: Micro Biology And Immunology Model Question Papers With Answers

Depending upon the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) properties;

Antibiotics are classified into:

• Concentration-dependent antibiotics:
  • Examples—aminoglycosides, daptomycin, fluoroquinolones, ketolides, colistin
  • The ideal dosing regimen would maximize concentration, because higher the concentration, more extensive and faster is the degree of killing; therefore,
    administered as a single-dose regimen, preferably with a loading dose
• Time-dependent antibiotics:
  • Examples include—beta-lactams, penicillin, carbapenems, cephalosporins, erythromycin and linezolid
  • The ideal dosing regimen for these antibiotics maximizes the duration of exposure; therefore given at frequent interval.

Question 2. Concentration-dependent PK followed by all except:

1. Amikacin
2. Metronidazole
3. Linezolid
4. Daptomycin

Answer. (3) (Linezolid)

Linezolid is a time-dependent antibiotic.

Question 3. Which is not a bacterial drug resistance mechanism?

1. By synthesizing enzymes against antibiotics
2. By altering porin channels
3. By actively effluxing the drug out
4. By inhibiting DNA gyrase or topoisomerase activity

Answer. (4) (By inhibiting DNA gyrase or topoisomerase activity)

• Inhibiting DNA gyrase or topoisomerase activity is the mechanism of action of quinolones; it is not a bacterial drug resistance mechanism.
• Bacteria develop antimicrobial resistance by four mechanisms: (1) decreased permeability across the cell wall; (2) efflux pumps mediated; (3) by enzymatic inactivation and (4) by modifying the target sites

Question 4. Coral cuts are associated with:

1. Staphylococcus aureus
2. Vibrio vulnificus
3. Pseudomonas
4. Streptococcus

Answer. (2) (Vibrio vulnificus)

• Coral cut injury is commonly associated with halophilic Vibrio such as V. vulnificus
• It is characterized by painful erythematous swelling or cellulitis or even vesicular, bullous or necrotic lesions, generally affects people without underlying disease
  (Vulnificus is Latin word for “wound maker”)

Question 5. Doughnut granuloma:

1. RMSF
2. fever
3. Lyme disease
4. Ehrlichiosis

Answer. (2) (fever)

A fibrin ring granuloma, also known as doughnut granuloma, is a histopathological finding that is characteristic of fever.

Question 6. Clue cells seen in:

1. Trichomonas vaginalis
2. Candida
3. Gardnerella vaginalis
4. Treponema pallidum

Answer. (3) (Gardnerella vaginalis)

Clue cells are vaginal epithelial cells coated with coccobacilli, which have a granular appearance and indistinct borders observed in a wet mount of vaginal secretion.

Question 7. HIV target binding site:

1. gp 120, gp 41
2. gp 120, p24
3. gp 120
4. p24, p40

Answer. (3) (gp 120)

HIV viral surface glycoprotein gp 120 binds to CD4 molecules on the host cells.

Question 8. Non-pathogenic Ebola virus:

1. Zaire
2. Reston
3. Cote d’Ivoire
4. Bundibugyo

Answer. (2) (Reston)

Among the six known viruses within the genus Ebolavirus; Reston virus causes disease in non-human primates. Unlike the other five Ebolaviruses, it is not known to cause disease in humans but has caused asymptomatic infections.

Question 9. AIDS patient with infection due to a broad budding yeast. Probable organism:

1. Histoplasmosis
2. Blastomycosis
3. Coccidioidomycosis
4. Paracocidiomycosis

Answer. (2) (Blastomycosis)

Histopathological staining of the tissue biopsy specimens reveals thick-walled round yeast cells of 8–15 µm size with single broad-based budding (figure of 8 appearance). Suggestive of Blastomyces dermatidis.

Question 10. True regarding Tsetse fly:

1. Lays single egg outside the body
2. Lays clusters of eggs outside the body
3. Gives birth to single larva
4. Gives birth to multiple larvae

Answer. (3) (Gives birth to single larva)

Female tsetse fly produces a single egg which develops into a larva within her uterus.