Oesophagus And Diaphragm Multiple Choice Question And Answers

Oesophagus And Diaphragm Multiple Choice Question And Answers

Question 1. Following are disorders of the pharyngooesophageal junction except:

1. Stroke
2. Myasthenia
3. Cricopharyngeal achalasia
4. Nutcracker oesophagus

Answer: 4. Nutcracker oesophagus

Question 2. Following are true for oesophageal lymphatics except:

1. Extensive lymphatic plexus in the submucosa
2. They are classified as perioesophageal, paraoeso- phageal and lateral oesophageal lymph nodes
3. Presence of coeliac nodes indicate inoperability
4. Longitudinal lymphatics are 6 times less than transverse

Answer: 4. Longitudinal lymphatics are 6 times less than transverse

Question 3. Which one of the following is highest percentage of premalignant condition, for carcinoma oesophagus?

1. Tylosis
2. Lye strictures
3. Achalasia
4. Oesophagus

Answer: 1. Tylosis

Question 4. Factors for adenocarcinoma oesophagus are following except:

1. Barrett’s oesophagus
2. Obesity
3. Reflux oesophagitis
4. Oesophageal web

Answer: 4. Oesophageal web

Question 5. Factors for development of reflux disease of oeso¬phagus include the following except:

1. Obesity
2. Absence of intra-abdominal length of oesophagus
3. Helicobacter pylori infection
4. Defective angle of His

Answer: 3. Helicobacter pylori infection

Question 6. Clinical features of reflux disease of oesophagus include the following except:

1. Heartburn
2. Vomiting
3. Epigastric pain
4. Regurgitation

Answer: 2. Vomiting

Question 7. Gold standard for the treatment of reflux disease is:

1. Barium meal
2. Oesophagoscopy
3. 24-hour pH monitoring
4. Endosonogram

Answer: 2. Oesophagoscopy

Question 8. The most effective drugs for reflux disease are:

1. Alginates
2. Antacids
3. H2 receptor antagonists
4. Proton pump inhibitors

Answer: 4. Proton pump inhibitors

Question 9. The most effective curative treatment for carcinoma oesophagus is:

1. Radiotherapy
2. Oesophagectomy
3. Photodynamic therapy
4. Chemotherapy

Answer: 2. Oesophagectomy

Question 10. Following are features of Barrett’s oesophagus except:

1. 3 cm or more of columnar epithelium
2. Cardiac metaplasia
3. Development of squamous cell carcinoma
4. Presence of mucus secreting goblet cells (intestinal metaplasia)

Answer: 3. Development of squamous cell carcinoma

Question 11. Which of the following conditions predisposes to volvulus of the stomach?

1. Sliding hernia
2. Para-oesophageal hernia
3. Following gastrojejunostomy
4. Wide hiatus

Answer: 2. Para-oesophageal hernia

Question 12. Following are true for PET scan except:

1. Drug used is oral fluorosodeoxycholic acid
2. Combining PET with CT is better for diagnosis
3. Can be used after chemotherapy to see the response of the tumour
4. High metabolic activity—glycolytic pathway

Answer: 1. Drug used is oral fluorosodeoxycholic acid

Question 13. Following are true for transhiatal oesophagectomy except:

1. Thoracotomy is a must for completion of the procedure
2. Anastomosis is in the neck
3. Ideal for lower oesophageal cancers
4. Upper oesophagus mobilisation is blind

Answer: 1. Thoracotomy is a must for completion of the procedure

Question 14. About achalasia cardia following are true except:

1. It affects lower oesophageal end
2. It is due to loss of inhibitory neurons
3. Dilated oesophagus above contain normal ganglion cells
4. In vigorous achalasia normal ganglion cells are present

Answer: 3. Dilated oesophagus above contain normal ganglion cells

Question 15. About treatment of achalasia cardia following are true except:

1. Balloon dilatation is ideal for patients above the age of 45 years
2. Botulinum toxin injection gives the permanent relief from dysphagia
3. Sublingual nifedipine can relieve symptoms
4. Myotomy with anterior fundoplication is a good surgical procedure

Answer: 2. Botulinum toxin injection gives the permanent relief from dysphagia

Question 16. Schatzki’s ring is associated with:

1. Proximal oesophagus
2. Carcinoma oesophagus
3. Reflux oesophagitis
4. Congenital ring

Answer: 3. Reflux oesophagitis

Question 17. For normal swallowing stricture should be dilated to at least:

1. 12 mm diameter
2. 14 mm diameter
3. 16 mm diameter
4. 18 mm diameter

Answer: 3. 16 mm diameter

Question 18. Following are true for Mallory-Weiss syndrome except:

1. The vertical split occurs in the lower end of oesophagus in majority of cases
2. Surgery is rarely required
3. Endoscopic sclerotherapy is very useful treatment
4. More often it is a mucosal tear than rupture

Answer: 1. The vertical split occurs in the lower end of oesophagus in majority of cases

Question 19. For the diagnosis of intraperitoneal metastasis, which is the ideal investigation?

1. Ultrasound
2. CT scan
3. MRI
4. Diagnostic laparoscopy

Answer: 4. MRI D. Diagnostic laparoscopy

Question 20. Following are true about Heller’s cardiomyotomy except:

1. It is best done by laparoscopic method
2. Many surgeons add fundoplication
3. Myotomy should be more in length in the stomach side than oesophagus
4. Reflux is a major complication

Answer: 3. Myotomy should be more in length in the stomach side than oesophagus

Question 21. Most accurate method for the diagnosis of T stage for oesophageal cancer is by:

1. Upper gastroduodenal scopy
2. Barium swallow
3. CT scan
4. Endosonogram

Answer: 4. Endosonogram

Question 22. The typical defect in Bochdalek hernia is:

1. Posterior
2. Posterolateral
3. Anterior
4. Anterolateral

Answer: 2. Posterolateral