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Radiation Multiple Choice Question And Answers

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Radiation Biology Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1. The short-term effects of radiosensitivity are due to the response of.

  1. Parenchymal cells
  2. Connective tissue
  3. Fine vasculatures
  4. Epithelial cells

Answer: 1. Parenchymal cells

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Question 2. Long-term effects of radiation are due to the response of damage to.

  1. Parenchymal cells
  2. Connective tissue
  3. Fine vasculatures
  4. Epithelial cells

Answer: 3. Fine vasculatures

Question 3. Long-term effects of radiation in an organ is.

  1. Fatty necrosis
  2. Fibroatrophy
  3. Loss of blood supply
  4. Loss of function

Answer: 2. Fibroatrophy

Question 4. Recovery of taste sensation following the radiotherapy will take.

  1. 2-4 months
  2. 6-8 months
  3. 12 months
  4. 24 months

Answer:1. 2-4 months

Question 5. Predominant cells of adult pulp tissue are.

  1. Vegetative cells
  2. Intermitotic cells
  3. Multipotent connective tissue cells
  4. Postmitotic cells

(Note: Revert and fixed postmitotic cell).

Answer: 4. Postmitotic cells

Question 6. Oral complication associated with acute radiation syndrome is.

  1. Periodontitis
  2. Osteoradionecrosis
  3. Radiation mucositis
  4. Oral ulcers

Answer: 1. Periodontitis

Question 7. The most radiosensitive period for the fetus is .

  1. Embryogenesis
  2. Organogenesis
  3. Fetal developmental stage
  4. Less than 6 months of age

(Note: Organogenesis period = 8-45 days).

Answer: 2. Organogenesis

Question 8. The brain is more sensitive to radiation at.

  1. 8th-15th weeks of postconception
  2. 1st-8th weeks of post-consumption
  3. 12th-18th weeks of gestation
  4. 18th-38th weeks of gestation

Answer: 1. 8th-15th weeks of postconception

Question 9. Radiation-induced gene mutation was first explained by.

  1. Mendal
  2. Muller
  3. Eric Van Tschemark
  4. Thomas Morgan

(Note: Muller explained this concept in drosophila).

Answer: 2. Muller

Question 10. Adverse effect following radiotherapy for ankylosing spondylitis is.

  1. Fibrosis of vessels
  2. Leukemia
  3. Bone marrow failure
  4. Lymphoma

Answer: 2. Leukemia

Question 11. Type of Ionizing radiation that produces severe biological damage is.

  1. X-rays
  2. Alpha rays
  3. Gamma rays
  4. Beta rays

Answer: 2. Alpha rays

Question 12. The biological effects of radiation will increase about increasing.

  1. Exposure time
  2. Cell division
  3. Frequency of exposure
  4. Dose rate

Answer: 4. Dose rate

Question 13. The latent effect associated with whole-body irradiation is leukemia.

  1. Fibrosis of vessels
  2. Leukemia
  3. Bone marrow failure
  4. Lymphoma

Answer: 2. Leukemia

Question 14. The amount of radiation damage will be more for cells at.

  1. G1 and early S phase
  2. Before DNA synthesis
  3. G2 and late S phase
  4. After DNA replication

Answer: 1. G1 and early S phase

Question 15. Chromosome aberration will result if radiation exposure occurs at.

  1. G1 phase
  2. G2 phase
  3. Late S phase
  4. After DNA replication

Answer: 1. G1 phase

Question 16. The amount of radiation damage will be minimal for cells at G2 phase.

  1. G1 phase
  2. G2 phase
  3. Early S phase
  4. Before DNA replication

Answer: 2. G2 phase

Question 17. Chromatid aberration will result if radiation exposure occurs.

  1. After DNA synthesis
  2. Before DNA synthesis
  3. Early S phase
  4. G1 phase

Answer: 1. After DNA synthesis

Question 18. The tooth eruption mechanism is.

  1. Highly radiosensitive
  2. Moderately radiosensitive
  3. Radioresistant
  4. Radioresponsive

(Note: Eruption rate is not affected by radio therapy).

Answer: 3. Radioresistant

Radiation Protection Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1. The annual maximum permissible dose (MPD) limit for dentists and radiation workers is.

  1. 50 R
  2. 50 mSv
  3. 35 R
  4. 35 mSv

Answer: 2. 50 mSv

Question 2. The lifetime cumulative exposure limit for radiation workers is calculated by the formula.

  1. 1.5 x age in years
  2. 10 x age in years
  3. 1.5 x working hours/year
  4. 10 x working hours/year

Answer: 2. 10 x age in years

Question 3. The maximum permissible dose for pregnant women is.

  1. 1 mSv
  2. 5 mSv
  3. Zero
  4. 10 mSv

Answer: 2. 5 mSv

Question 4. Collimators are made up of.

  1. Aluminium
  2. Tungsten
  3. Phosphorus
  4. Lead

Answer: 4. Lead

Question 5. Filter is made up of.

  1. Aluminium
  2. Tungsten
  3. Phosphorus
  4. Lead

Answer: 1. Aluminium

Question 6. Aluminum filters are used to remove X-rays with.

  1. High penetration power
  2. High energy
  3. Poly chromatic waves
  4. Long wavelength

(Note: Aluminum filters remove the low energy, less penetrating, long wavelength X- rays).

Answer: 4. Long wavelength

Question 7. To filter extremely high energy X-ray photons are used.

  1. Intrinsic filters
  2. Aluminum foils
  3. Rare earth elements
  4. Step wedges

Answer: 3. Rare earth elements

Question 8. A device used to measure the quantity of X-ray beams is.

  1. Collimators
  2. Pocket dosimeter
  3. Film badges
  4. Image densitometer

Answer: 2. Pocket dosimeter

(Note: Pocket dosimeter and ionization cham¬ber measures the quantity of X-ray beam).

Question 9. Exposure to cosmic rays is higher at.

  1. Plateau
  2. Valley
  3. Altitude
  4. Ocean

Answer: 3. Altitude

Question 10. The use of rectangular collimation reduced patient exposure by.

  1. 30%
  2. 60%
  3. 10%
  4. 90%

Answer: 2. 60%

Question 11. The use of a thyroid collar is recommended for.

  1. Intraoral radiography
  2. Orthopantomography
  3. Computed tomography
  4. Cephalography

Answer: 1. Intraoral radiography

Question 12. A thyroid collar is not recommended for extraoral radiography because of it.

  1. Reduces the number of X-rays reaching the patient
  2. Increases the amount of scattered radiation
  3. Obscures diagnostic information
  4. Obstructs cassette positioning

Answer: 3. Obscures diagnostic information

Question 13. MPD for occupationally exposed pregnant women is.

  1. 1.0 rem/year
  2. 0.1 rem/year
  3. 10 rem/year
  4. 100 rem/year

(Note: 0.1 rem/year (or) same that for a non-occupationally exposed individual).

Answer: 2. 0.1 rem/year

Question 14. The effective energy range of X-ray photons to produce an image is.

  1. 60 and 70 keV
  2. 35 and 55 keV
  3. 10 and 15 keV
  4. 50 and 80 keV

Answer: 2. 35 and 55 keV

Question 15. The use of thyroid collars reduces the radiation exposure to the thyroid gland by.

  1. 98%
  2. 100%
  3. 92%
  4. 96%

Answer: 3. 92%

Radiation Physics Multiple-Choice Questions

Question 1. The fundamental unit of matter is known.

  1. Atom
  2. Element
  3. Ion
  4. Particle

Answer: 1. Atom

Question 2. The atomic number of hydrogen is.

  1. Zero
  2. One
  3. Two
  4. Four

Answer: 2. One

Question 3. A neutral atom consists of.

  1. Two protons and two electrons
  2. An equal number of protons and neutrons
  3. Two protons and two neutrons
  4. An equal number of protons and electrons

Answer: 4. Equal number of protons and electrons

Question 4. An electrically unbalanced atom is known as.

  1. Orbital electron
  2. Orbital shell
  3. Ion
  4. Trace element

Answer: 3. Ion

Question 5. The electrostatic attraction between the nucleus and electrons is known as.

  1. Electrostatic force
  2. Binding energy
  3. Nuclear affinity
  4. Bond strength

Answer: 2. Binding energy

Question 6. The binding energy for K-shell electron is.

  1. 90 kv
  2. 90 keV
  3. 70 kv
  4. 70 keV

Answer: 4. 70 keV

Question 7. The amount of energy required to remove an electron from its orbit is equal to greater than its binding energy.

  1. Equal to outer shell energy
  2. Equal to or less than outer shell energy
  3. Equal to or less than the binding energy
  4. Equal to greater than its binding energy

Answer: 4. Equal to greater than its binding energy

Question 8. One or two atoms joined by chemical bonds is known as.

  1. Atom
  2. Ion
  3. Molecule
  4. Element

Answer: 3. Molecule

Question 9. An atom without a nucleus is known as.

  1. Neutron
  2. Ion
  3. Molecule
  4. Element

Answer: 2. Ion

Question 10. The distance between the crests of two waves is defined as.

  1. Wavelength
  2. Frequency
  3. Amplitude
  4. Intensity

Answer: 1. Wavelength

Question 11. The wavelength of radiation determines the.

  1. The distance of the wave
  2. Energy
  3. The speed of the wave
  4. Penetrating power

Answer: 4. Penetrating power

Question 12. Unit of wavelength is.

  1. Millimeter
  2. Micrometer
  3. Microns
  4. Nanometer (Note: 1 nm = 10-9 m).

Answer: 4. Nanometer

Question 13. The energy of electromagnetic radiation is determined by.

  1. Wavelength and frequency
  2. Wavelength and intensity
  3. Intensity and frequency
  4. Amplitude and speed

Answer: 1. Wavelength and frequency

Question 14. Diagnostic X-rays are.

  1. High-frequency and long-wavelength rays
  2. Low-frequency and long-wavelength rays
  3. Low-frequency and short-wavelength rays
  4. High-frequency and short-wavelength rays

Answer: 4. High frequency and short wavelength rays

Question 15. The wavelength of X-rays used in dentistry is.

  1. 0.1 nm
  2. 0.01 nm
  3. 0.001 nm
  4. 0.0001 nm

Answer: 2. 0.01 nm

Question 16. The electrical current to the filament of the X-ray tube is regulated by.

  1. High voltage circuit
  2. Low voltage circuit
  3. Low current circuit
  4. High voltage and low current

Answer: 2. Low voltage circuit

Question 17. X-rays are produced at.

  1. Tungsten filament
  2. Positive anode
  3. Negative cathode
  4. Copper target

Answer: 2. Positive anode

Question 18. Thermionic emission occurs at.

  • Tungsten filament
  • Positive anode
  • Negative cathode
  • Copper stem

Answer: 3. Negative cathode

Question 19. Compton scatter accounts for.

  • 30% of X-rays produced at the anode
  • 8% of X-rays produced at the anode
  • 62% of X-rays produced at the anode
  • 98% of X-rays produced at the anode

Answer: 3. 62% of X-rays produced at anode

Question 20. Photoelectric absorption accounts for.

  • 30% of X-rays produced at the anode
  • 8% of X-rays produced at the anode
  • 62% of X-rays produced at the anode
  • 98% of X-rays produced at the anode

Answer: 1. 30% of X-rays produced at the anode

Question 21. Coherent scatter accounts for 8% of X-ray energy produced at the anode.

  • 30% of X-ray energy produced at the anode
  • 8% of X-ray energy produced at the anode
  • 62% of X-ray energy produced at the anode
  • 98% of X-ray energy produced at the anode

Answer: 2. 8% of X-ray energy produced at the anode

Question 22. Coherent or Thompson scatter occurs when.

  • Low-energy X-rays interact with matter
  • Electrons collide with the air
  • High-energy X-rays interact with matter
  • Electrons collide with each other

Answer: 1. Low-energy X-rays interact with matter

Question 23. 70% of X-ray energy produced at the anode is.

  1. Characteristic radiation
  2. Bremsstrahlung radiation
  3. Heat waves
  4. Kinetic energy

(Note: General or braking or bremsstrahlung radiation).

Answer: 2. Bremsstrahlung radiation

Question 24. Characteristic radiation are produced in dental X-ray tube when using kVp of.

  1. 100 or above
  2. 70 or above
  3. 10 or above
  4. 50 or above

Answer: 2. 70 or above

Question 25. The most common type of scatter in an X-ray tube is.

  1. Coherent scatter
  2. Compton scatter
  3. Selective scatter
  4. Dynamic scatter

Answer: 2. Compton scatter

Question 26. The quality of the X-ray beam is controlled by.

  1. Milliampere
  2. Kilovoltage peak
  3. Kilowatt
  4. Electron volt

Answer: 2. Kilovoltage peak

Question 27. Dental radiographic unit functions at.

  1. 90-120 kV
  2. 90-120 mA
  3. 65-100 kV
  4. 65-100 mA

Answer: 3. 65-100 kV

Question 28. Use of 65-75 kV produces X-rays of.

  1. Low energy, less penetrating, shorter wavelength
  2. High energy, less penetrating, shorter wavelength
  3. High energy, high penetrating, longer wavelength
  4. Low energy, less penetrating, longer wavelength

Answer: 4. Low energy, less penetrating, longer wavelength

Question 29. Higher kilovoltage produces X-rays.

  1. Low energy, less penetrating, short wavelength
  2. High energy, less penetrating, short wavelength
  3. High energy, high penetrating, longer wavelength
  4. Low energy, less penetrating, longer wavelength

Answer: 2. High energy, less penetrating, short wave¬length

Question 30. The quantity of radiation is controlled by.

  1. Milliamperage and exposure time
  2. Milliamperage and kilovoltage
  3. Kilovoltage and exposure time
  4. Inverse square law

Answer: 1. Milliamperage and exposure time

Question 31. Milliamperage regulates.

  1. Cathode temperature and exposure time
  2. Quality of X-ray photons and tube voltage
  3. Cathode temperature and quantity of X-ray photons
  4. The potential difference between cathode and anode

Answer: 1. Cathode temperature and exposure time

Question 32. Milliamperage preferred for dental X-ray tube is.

  1. 10-15 mA
  2. 7-15 mA
  3. 60-75 mA
  4. 40-55 mA

Answer: 2. 7-15 mA

Question 33. If the length of position indicating device is changed from 16 inches to 8 inches, the resultant beam intensity will be .

  1. Two times more intense
  2. Two times less intense
  3. Four times more intense
  4. Four times less intense

Answer: 3. Four times more intense

Question 34. Roentgen is useful for exposure measures of X-rays and gamma rays alone.

  1. X-rays and alpha-rays alone
  2. X-rays alone
  3. X-rays and gamma rays alone
  4. X-rays, alpha, and gamma rays alone

Answer: 3. X-rays and gamma rays alone

Question 35. The heat storage capacity for the dental X-ray tube anode is.

  1. 2 kHU
  2. 20 kHU
  3. 120 kHU
  4. 200 kHU

(Note: HU = heat unit).

Answer: 2. 20 kHU

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