Carving Of The Permanent Premolars Notes

Carving Of The Permanent Premolars

Carving Of The Permanent Maxillary Right First Premolar

1. Mark the cervico-occlusal dimension of the crown and the root on the wax block. The portion of the wax block beyond the root is called the base. Label the surfaces at the bottom of the block as B, L, M, D indicating buccal, lingual, mesial and distal.

2. Mark the mesio-distal dimension on the buccal surface of the crown at the cervical line and at the contact area. Draw the outline of the labial aspect on the crown. The mesial slope of the buccal cusp is longer than the distal slope, thus the buccal cusp tip is distally placed. Carve the wax outside the outline (shaded portion) and thus create the mesial and distal surface of the crown and the occlusal outline.

Read And Learn More: Oral Physiology Notes

3. Mark the midline of the block on the proximal aspect. Mark the labio-lingual dimension of the crown at the cervical line, at the crest of curvature. The buccal cusp tip has to be in line with the centre of the root. The lingual cusp is about 2 mm shorter than the buccal cusp. Carve the was outside the markings. Carve the buccal and the lingual ridge.

4. Carve the occlusal surface of the tooth by carving the triangular ridges, triangular fossa and the marginal ridges. Carve the mesial marginal Developmental groove and the mesial developmental depression on the mesial surface.

5. Mark the outline of the root on the wax block. There are two roots which are the buccal and lingual root. Carve the wax outside the outline (shaded portion) which has been marked.

6. Check for the dimension and complete carving the anatomy of the tooth in detail. Carve the cervical line and polish the tooth.

Carving Of The Permanent Maxillary Second Premolar

The steps in carving the permanent maxillary second premolar are the same as the permanent maxillary first premolar.

The exceptions are mentioned below:

1. Dimensions of the crown and the root.
2. Outlines.
3. The distal slope is longer than the mesial slope.
4. The buccal and lingual cusps are almost at the same height.
5. Less angular occlusal surface.
6. Wrinkled appearance of the occlusal surface.
7. Absence of the mesial marginal developmental groove
8. Single root

Carving Of The Permanent Mandibular First Premolar

The steps in carving the permanent mandibular first premolar are the same as the permanent maxillary first premolar.

The exceptions are mentioned below:

1. Dimensions of the crown and the root.
2. Outlines.
3. The lingual cusp is 1/3^rd the cervico-occlusal distance
4. Presence of the mesiolingual developmental groove
5. The buccal cusp tip is line with the centre of the root
6. The lingual cusp is in line with the lingual outline of the root
7. Lingual overhang is present.

Carving Of The Permanent Mandibular Second Premolar

The steps in carving the permanent mandibular second premolar are the same as the permanent maxillary first premolar. The exceptions are mentioned below

1. Dimensions of the crown and the root.
2. Outlines.
3. In the 2 cusp form there are two lingual cusps i.e the mesiolingual and the distolingual cusps with the groove separating them