Instruments For Removable Prosthodontics
Rubber Bowl
It is used to mix gypsum products (dental plaster, dental stone, die stone, and investment material) and alginate. It is available in various sizes and colors. It is made up of stiff and flexible rubber. It can also be used to carry hot water during manipulation of impression compound and green stick material. Usually separate rubber bowls are kept for gypsum and alginate.
Table of Contents
Note: Use separate rubber bowl for mixing gypsum products and alginate. If alginate is mixed in the same bowl in which gypsum was mixed then traces of gypsum may accelerate alginate setting.
Read and Learn More: Preclinical Prosthodontics Notes
Mixing Spatula
Straight-bladed Mixing Spatula:
This type of spatula is used for mixing of gypsum products like dental stone, dental plaster, die stone, investment material, etc. It has handle made up of either hard plastic or wood and available in various lengths. Mixing blade is made up of metal with rounded end.
Curved-bladed Mixing Spatula:
This spatula is used for mixing alginate impression material. Curve blade confines with inner walls of flexible rubber bowl and material is pressed in between to mix properly. Mixing blade is curved with rounded end.
Wax Knife
This instrument has two working ends. One end is straight with pointed termination and sharp working edge. The other end is slightly curved with rounded termination. Straight end is used for cutting/manipulation of wax and making wax rims. Curved end used to carry molten wax and for manipulation of curved surfaces like palatal surface of maxillary wax rim.
Wax knife is used for making occlusion rims, teeth arrangement, and wax-up procedure. It can also be used for manipulation of plaster during flasking and mounting procedures. The curved end can be used to carry mixed acrylic resin from mixing jar.
Plaster Knife
It is knife-like instrument used for manual trimming of casts (Fig. 49.4). Its working edge is sharp for easy trimming of gypsum products. Handle is made up of wood or plastic.
Wax Spatula
This instrument has two working ends. One end is spoon-shaped to carry molten wax for wax-up procedure and the other end is pointed diamond-shaped which is used for removal of wax from interdental area during carving procedure. Wax spatula can be used for cervical and root carving after teeth arrangement.
Wax Carver
It is two-ended instrument. One end is scoop shape and the other one is sharp blade. Mainly used for wax carving. Used for tooth carving, pattern carving, and scooping extra wax during denture wax-up procedure. Carver should not be heated over flame otherwise it will become blunt.
Scissors
Straight Scissors:
It has straight beak end. It is used for cutting gauge cloth and sticking plaster.
Curved Scissors:
It has curved beak. It is usually used for cutting shellac baseplate or light cured resin material during their manipulation for making denture base.
Dappen Dish
It can be used either side. One side is dipper than the other side. It is used to carry small amount of material like cold mould seal, tooth colored acrylic, self-cure acrylic, and monomer liquid. It can be used as standard to mix heat cure acrylic resin by volume. It is available in various colors. It is made up of glass or ceramic.
Spirit Lamp
This is metallic lamp with wick and cover for it. Spirit is poured into the lamp container as
fuel to light the wick. It gives noncarbon flame with good temperature. Mainly used during clinical procedure for heating instruments like wax spatula and knife.
Bunsen Burner
Bunsen burner can be used as substitute for spirit lamp. It gives continuous noncarbon flame. Used for various clinical procedures like heating the wax instruments, manipulation of wax, greenstick compound, impression compound, etc.
Chip Blower
It is mini air blower. It is made up of a rubber blower and hollow metal tube curved at
working end. Metal tube is attached with rubber blower. This is used to direct the burner flame in particular area where wax needs to soften and polished. Used during wax up and polishing procedure.
Hot Plate/Hot Plate Spatula
Available as triangle or square-shaped plate attached with handle. It is used for uniform reduction of occlusion wax rims.
Porcelain Cup With Lid
Porcelain cup is used for mixing acrylic resin. When polymer and monomer are mixed in cup, it is covered with lid to prevent evaporation of monomer.
Dental Flasks
Dental flasks are available in pair as maxillary flask and mandibular flask. They are used for investing and curing the denture.
Flask has three parts namely:
- Base
- Body (Counter)
- Lid.
Mandibular flask has greater height in posterior part.
Clamps
This is simple assembly used to hold the dental flask during dewaxing and curing procedure. It will maintain constant pressure during curing and prevent opening of flask and increase of vertical dimension of occlusion.
Glass Plate
Glass plate is thin piece of glass around 5 mm thick. It is available in round and square shapes. It is used during artificial teeth arrangement on wax rim to check their alignment and inclination.
Glass Slab And Mixing Spatula
These are used for mixing of zinc oxide eugenol impression paste and light body impression material. Mixing is done with flexible widebladed metal spatula about 5 cm in length.
Mixing Pad And Spatula
This pad is made of oil impervious paper. It is used for mixing light body elastomeric impression material or zinc oxide
eugenol impression paste. Mixing pad has two lines drawn on it with numbers indicating length which serves as guide to take equal length of base paste and reactor paste. Mixing
spatula for mixing has stiff wide blade and plastic or wooden handle.
Acrylic Trimmer
Mounted Stone:
It is motor driven tool. Used with laboratory hand motor. It can be mounted on laboratory lathe. It is used for trimming excess acrylic material and finishing of denture prior to polishing. It is available in various shapes and grits. They are available as extra coarse, coarse, medium, and fine grit.
Tungsten Carbide Trimmer (TC Trimmer):
It is also motor driven tool. Usually attached with laboratory micromotor handpiece. It is available in various sizes and shapes. Used for trimming and finishing of acrylic prosthesis after processing. Available for gross trimming to fine finishing.
Sandpaper Mandrel
It is motor driven tool. It has fragmented working end which is used to hold sand paper for finishing the acrylic.
BP Blade (Bard-Parker Blade) And Handle
It is available in various shapes. Handle is available for mounting blades on it for easy use. It is used for trimming impression compound and green stick compound during clinical procedures.
Rag Wheel
It is made with cotton or polyester cloth and attached to lathe machine. It is used for polishing of acrylic and metal. Polishing agents like pumice, rouge, and tin oxide are applied on it for polishing procedure.
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