Instruments For Removable Prosthodontics
Rubber Bowl
It is used to mix gypsum products (dental plaster, dental stone, die stone, and investment material) and alginate. It is available in various sizes and colors. It is made up of stiff and flexible rubber. It can also be used to carry hot water during the manipulation of impression compound and green stick material. Usually separate rubber bowls are kept for gypsum and alginate.
Table of Contents
Note: Use a separate rubber bowl for mixing gypsum products and alginate. If alginate is mixed in the same bowl in which gypsum was mixed then traces of gypsum may accelerate the alginate setting.
Read and Learn More: Preclinical Prosthodontics Notes
Mixing Spatula
Straight-bladed Mixing Spatula:
This type of spatula is used for the mixing of gypsum products like dental stone, dental plaster, die stone, investment material, etc. It has a handle made up of either hard plastic or wood and is available in various lengths. The mixing blade is made up of metal with a rounded end.
Curved-bladed Mixing Spatula:
This spatula is used for mixing alginate impression material. Curve blade confines with inner walls of a flexible rubber bowl and material is pressed in between to mix properly. The mixing blade is curved with a rounded end.
Wax Knife
This instrument has two working ends. One end is straight with a pointed termination and a sharp working edge. The other end is slightly curved with a rounded termination. The straight end is used for cutting/manipulation of wax and making wax rims. The curved end is used to carry molten wax and for manipulation of curved surfaces like the palatal surface of the maxillary wax rim.
The wax knife is used for making occlusion rims, teeth arrangement, and wax-up procedures. It can also be used for the manipulation of plaster during flashing and mounting procedures. The curved end can be used to carry mixed acrylic resin from the mixing jar.
Plaster Knife
It is a knife-like instrument used for the manual trimming of casts (Fig. 49.4). Its working edge is sharp for easy trimming of gypsum products. The handle is made up of wood or plastic.
Wax Spatula
This instrument has two working ends. One end is spoon-shaped to carry molten wax for the wax-up procedure and the other end is pointed diamond-shaped which is used for the removal of wax from the interdental area during the carving procedure. A wax spatula can be used for cervical and root carving after teeth arrangement.
Wax Carver
It is a two-ended instrument. One end is a scoop shape and the other one is a sharp blade. Mainly used for wax carving. Used for tooth carving, pattern carving, and scooping extra wax during denture wax-up procedure. Carver should not be heated over flame otherwise it will become blunt.
Scissors
Straight Scissors:
It has a straight beak end. It is used for cutting gauge cloth and sticking plaster.
Curved Scissors:
It has a curved beak. It is usually used for cutting shellac baseplates or light-cured resin material during their manipulation for making denture bases.
Dappen Dish
It can be used on either side. One side is dipper than the other side. It is used to carry a small amount of material like cold mold seal, tooth-colored acrylic, self-cure acrylic, and monomer liquid. It can be used as a standard to mix heat-cure acrylic resin by volume. It is available in various colors. It is made up of glass or ceramic.
Spirit Lamp
This is a metallic lamp with a wick and cover for it. Spirit is poured into the lamp container as
fuel to light the wick. It gives a noncarbon flame with a good temperature. Mainly used during clinical procedures for heating instruments like wax spatulas and knives.
Bunsen Burner
Bunsen burner can be used as a substitute for a spirit lamp. It gives continuous noncarbon flame. Used for various clinical procedures like heating the wax instruments, manipulation of wax, greenstick compound, impression compound, etc.
Chip Blower
It is a mini air blower. It is made up of a rubber blower and a hollow metal tube curved at
the working end. The metal tube is attached to a rubber blower. This is used to direct the burner flame in a particular area where wax needs to soften and polish. Used during wax up and polishing procedure.
Hot Plate/Hot Plate Spatula
Available as a triangle or square-shaped plate attached to a handle. It is used for uniform reduction of occlusion wax rims.
Porcelain Cup With Lid
A porcelain cup is used for mixing acrylic resin. When polymer and monomer are mixed in a cup, it is covered with a lid to prevent evaporation of monomer.
Dental Flasks
Dental flasks are available in pairs as maxillary flasks and mandibular flasks. They are used for investing and curing the denture.
Flask has three parts namely:
- Base
- Body (Counter)
- Lid.
The mandibular flask has a greater height in the posterior part.
Clamps
This is a simple assembly used to hold the dental flask during the dewaxing and curing procedure. It will maintain constant pressure during curing prevent the opening of the flask and increase of vertical dimension of occlusion.
Glass Plate
The glass plate is a thin piece of glass around 5 mm thick. It is available in round and square shapes. It is used during artificial teeth arrangement on wax rims to check their alignment and inclination.
Glass Slab And Mixing Spatula
These are used for mixing zinc oxide eugenol impression paste and light body impression material. Mixing is done with a flexible widebladed metal spatula about 5 cm in length.
Mixing Pad And Spatula
This pad is made of oil-impervious paper. It is used for mixing light body elastomeric impression material or zinc oxide
eugenol impression paste. The mixing pad has two lines drawn on it with numbers indicating length which serves as a guide to take equal lengths of base paste and reactor paste. Mixing
spatula for mixing has a stiff wide blade and plastic or wooden handle.
Acrylic Trimmer
Mounted Stone:
It is a motor motor-driven tool. Used with laboratory hand motor. It can be mounted on a laboratory lathe. It is used for trimming excess acrylic material and finishing dentures prior to polishing. It is available in various shapes and grits. They are available as extra coarse, coarse, medium, and fine grit.
Tungsten Carbide Trimmer (TC Trimmer):
It is also a motor motor-driven tool. Usually attached with laboratory micromotor handpiece. It is available in various sizes and shapes. Used for trimming and finishing of acrylic prosthesis after processing. Available for gross trimming to fine finishing.
Sandpaper Mandrel
It is a motor motor-driven tool. It has a fragmented working end which is used to hold sandpaper for finishing the acrylic.
BP Blade (Bard-Parker Blade) And Handle
It is available in various shapes. The handle is available for mounting blades on it for easy use. It is used for trimming impression compound and green stick compound during clinical procedures.
Rag Wheel
It is made with cotton or polyester cloth and attached to a lathe machine. It is used for polishing of acrylic and metal. Polishing agents like pumice, rouge, and tin oxide are applied to it for the polishing procedure.
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