Micturition The urinary bladder collects and stores urine till urination. Urine enters the bladder through the ureters and exits via the urethra. Urethra has two sphincters internal and external. Micturition is controlled by 3 muscles Depressor muscles - Muscles of the bladder Internal urethral sphincter External urethral sphincter During bladder filling … [Read more...] about Physiology Of Micturition
Renal Physiology
Mechanism of Concentration and Dilution of Urine
Concentration And dilution Of Urine The kidney can produce a maximum urine concentration of 1400mosml/L and a minimum concentration of 30mosm/L according to body requirements. A normal human of 70 kg must excrete 600m Osmoles of solute per day. If the maximum concentrating capacity is l200mosm/l then the amount to urine that must be excreted to remove 600 mosmoles of solute is … [Read more...] about Mechanism of Concentration and Dilution of Urine
Renal Function Test Notes
Renal Function Test Renal function tests are done with the following objectives To find probable renal damage. To assess the severity of renal damage. To diagnose renal disease. To monitor the progress of renal disease. Indication of Renal function test Older age. Family history of Chronic Kidney disease (CKD). Decreased renal mass. Diabetes … [Read more...] about Renal Function Test Notes
Body Fluids and Fluid Compartments Notes
Body Fluid Compartment And Its Measurement Volume of Body Fluid Compartment Indicator dilution principle It is based on principle of conservation of mass i.e. Total mass of substance after dispersion in fluid compartment will be the same as the total mass injected into the compartment. If we inject a indicator substance of know volume and concentration into a … [Read more...] about Body Fluids and Fluid Compartments Notes
Renal Replacement Therapy Notes
Renal Replacement Therapy Kidney plays a vital role in maintaining body fluid and electrolyte balance. It removes waste products from body. Acutely or chronically detoriation of kidney function is life threatening and requires removal of waste, toxic products from body and maintenance of body fluid volume. This can be done Ly renal replacement therapy. Indication for Renal … [Read more...] about Renal Replacement Therapy Notes